Temporal and spatial combining for 5G mmWave small cells

Muirhead, D. and Imran, M. A. (2017) Temporal and spatial combining for 5G mmWave small cells. In: Perez, J. E. (ed.) Energy Efficiency: Performance, Improvement Strategies and Future Directions. Series: Energy policies, politics and prices. Nova Science Publishers, Inc.. ISBN 9781536110401

Abstract

This chapter proposes the combination of temporal processing through Rake combining based on direct sequence-spread spectrum (DS-SS), and multiple antenna beamforming or antenna spatial diversity as a possible physical layer access technique for fifth generation (5G) small cell base stations (SBS) operating in the millimetre wave (mmWave) frequencies. Unlike earlier works in the literature aimed at previous generation wireless, the use of the beamforming is presented as operating in the radio frequency (RF) domain, rather than the baseband domain, to minimise power expenditure as a more suitable method for 5G small cells. Some potential limitations associated with massive multiple input-multiple output (MIMO) for small cells are discussed relating to the likely limitation on available antennas and resultant beamwidth. Rather than relying, solely, on expensive and potentially power hungry massive MIMO (which in the case of a SBS for indoor use will be limited by a physically small form factor) the use of a limited number of antennas, complimented with Rake combining, or antenna diversity is given consideration for short distance indoor communications for both the SBS) and user equipment (UE). The proposal’s aim is twofold: to solve eroded path loss due to the effective antenna aperture reduction and to satisfy sensitivity to blockages and multipath dispersion in indoor, small coverage area base stations. Two candidate architectures are proposed. With higher data rates, more rigorous analysis of circuit power and its effect on energy efficiency (EE) is provided. A detailed investigation is provided into the likely design and signal processing requirements. Finally, the proposed architectures are compared to current fourth generation long term evolution (LTE) MIMO technologies for their anticipated power consumption and EE.

• Item Type: Book Sections
• Status: Published
• Glasgow Author(s) Enlighten ID: Imran, Professor Muhammad
• Authors: Muirhead, D., and Imran, M. A.
• College/School: College of Science and Engineering
• Publisher: Nova Science Publishers, Inc.
• ISBN: 9781536110401
• Copyright Holders: Copyright © 2017 Nova Science Publishers, Inc.
• Publisher Policy: Reproduced with the permission of the publisher.