Interfacial modulus mapping of layered dental ceramics using nanoindentation

Theocharopoulos, A. L. , Bushby, A. J., P’ng, K. M.Y., Wilson, R. M., Tanner, K. E. and Cattell, M. J. (2016) Interfacial modulus mapping of layered dental ceramics using nanoindentation. Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics, 8(6), pp. 479-488. (doi: 10.4047/jap.2016.8.6.479) (PMID:28018566) (PMCID:PMC5179487)

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Abstract

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to test the modulus of elasticity (E) across the interfaces of yttrium stabilized zirconia (YTZP) / veneer multilayers using nanoindentation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: YTZP core material (KaVo-Everest, Germany) specimens were either coated with a liner (IPS e.max ZirLiner, Ivoclar-Vivadent) (Type- 1) or left as-sintered (Type-2) and subsequently veneered with a pressable glass-ceramic (IPS e.max ZirPress, Ivoclar-Vivadent). A 5 μm (nominal tip diameter) spherical indenter was used with a UMIS CSIRO 2000 (ASI, Canberra, Australia) nanoindenter system to test E across the exposed and polished interfaces of both specimen types. The multiple point load – partial unload method was used for E determination. All materials used were characterized using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and X – ray powder diffraction (XRD). E mappings of the areas tested were produced from the nanoindentation data. RESULTS: A significantly (P<.05) lower E value between Type-1 and Type-2 specimens at a distance of 40 μm in the veneer material was associated with the liner. XRD and SEM characterization of the zirconia sample showed a fine grained bulk tetragonal phase. IPS e-max ZirPress and IPS e-max ZirLiner materials were characterized as amorphous. CONCLUSION: The liner between the YTZP core and the heat pressed veneer may act as a weak link in this dental multilayer due to its significantly (P<.05) lower E. The present study has shown nanoindentation using spherical indentation and the multiple point load - partial unload method to be reliable predictors of E and useful evaluation tools for layered dental ceramic interfaces.

Item Type:Articles
Keywords:Elastic modulus, fluorapatite, zirconia, nanoindentation.
Status:Published
Refereed:Yes
Glasgow Author(s) Enlighten ID:Tanner, Professor Kathleen
Authors: Theocharopoulos, A. L., Bushby, A. J., P’ng, K. M.Y., Wilson, R. M., Tanner, K. E., and Cattell, M. J.
Subjects:R Medicine > RK Dentistry
College/School:College of Science and Engineering > School of Engineering > Biomedical Engineering
Journal Name:Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
Journal Abbr.:J Adv Prosthodont
Publisher:The Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
ISSN:2005-7806
ISSN (Online):2005-7814
Published Online:15 December 2016
Copyright Holders:Copyright © 2016 The Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
First Published:First published in Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics 8(6): 479-488
Publisher Policy:Reproduced under a Creative Commons License
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