Effects of hydroxylation and silanization on the surface properties of ZnO nanowires

Garcia Nunez, C. , Sachsenhauser, M., Blashcke, B., García Marín, A., Garrido, J. A. and Pau, J. L. (2015) Effects of hydroxylation and silanization on the surface properties of ZnO nanowires. ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces, 7(9), pp. 5331-5337. (doi: 10.1021/am508752m) (PMID:25675135)

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Abstract

Silanization is commonly used to form bonds between inorganic materials and biomolecules as a step in the surface preparation of solid-state biosensors. This work investigates the effects of silanization with amino-propyldiethoxymethylsilane on hydroxylated sidewalls of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanowires (NWs). The surface properties and electrical characteristics of NWs are analyzed by different techniques after their hydroxylation and later silanization. Contact angle measurements reveal a stronger hydrophobic behavior after silanization, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) results show a reduction of the surface dipole induced by the replacement of the hydroxyl group with the amine terminal group. The lower work function obtained after silanization in contact potential measurements corroborates the attenuation of the surface dipole observed in XPS. Furthermore, the surface band bending of NWs is determined from surface photovoltage measurements upon irradiation with UV light, yielding a 0.5 eV energy in hydroxylated NWs, and 0.18 eV, after silanization. From those results, a reduction in the surface state density of 3.1 × 1011 cm–2 is estimated after silanization. The current–voltage (I–V) characteristics measured in a silanized single NW device show a reduction of the resistance, due to the enhancement of the conductive volume inside the NW, which also improves the linearity of the I–V characteristic.

Item Type:Articles
Status:Published
Refereed:Yes
Glasgow Author(s) Enlighten ID:Garcia Nunez, Dr Carlos
Authors: Garcia Nunez, C., Sachsenhauser, M., Blashcke, B., García Marín, A., Garrido, J. A., and Pau, J. L.
College/School:College of Science and Engineering > School of Engineering > Electronics and Nanoscale Engineering
Journal Name:ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces
Publisher:American Chemical Society
ISSN:1944-8244
ISSN (Online):1944-8252
Published Online:12 February 2015

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