Grdic, D., Smith, R., Donachie, A., Kjerrulf, M., Hörnquist, E., Mowat, A. and Lycke, N. (1999) The mucosal adjuvant effects of cholera toxin and immune-stimulating complexes differ in their requirement for IL-12, indicating different pathways of action. European Journal of Immunology, 29(6), pp. 1774-1784. (doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1521-4141(199906)29:06<1774::AID-IMMU1774>3.0.CO;2-1) (PMID:10382739)
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Publisher's URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1521-4141(199906)29:06<1774::AID-IMMU1774>3.0.CO;2-1
Abstract
Adjuvants that can improve mucosal vaccine efficacy are much warranted. In this comparative study between cholera toxin (CT) and immune-stimulating complexes (ISCOM) we found that, contrary to CT, ovalbumin (OVA)-ISCOM were poor inducers of mucosal anti-OVA IgA responses, but induced similar or better systemic immunity following oral immunizations. The addition of CT to the oral OVA-ISCOM protocol did not stimulate local anti-OVA IgA immunity, nor did it change the quality or magnitude of the systemic responses. Both vectors recruited strong innate immunity, but only OVA-ISCOM could directly induce IL-12, demonstrable at the protein and mRNA levels. CT had no inhibitory effects on lipopolysaccharide/IFN-γ-induced IL-12 mRNA expression or IL-12 production. Furthermore, adjuvanticity of CT was unaffected in IL-12-deficient mice, while OVA-ISCOM showed partly impaired adjuvant effects by the lack of IL-12. CT abrogated the induction of oral tolerance stimulated by antigen feeding in these mice. In addition, CT did not alter TGF-β levels, suggesting that the immunomodulating effect of CT was independent of IL-12 as well as TGF-β production. Taken together, these findings indicate that mucosal adjuvanticity of CT and ISCOM are differently dependent on IL-12, suggesting that separate and distinct antigen-processing pathways are involved.
Item Type: | Articles |
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Status: | Published |
Refereed: | Yes |
Glasgow Author(s) Enlighten ID: | Mowat, Professor Allan and Donachie, Ms Anne Marie |
Authors: | Grdic, D., Smith, R., Donachie, A., Kjerrulf, M., Hörnquist, E., Mowat, A., and Lycke, N. |
College/School: | College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences > Institute of Infection Immunity and Inflammation |
Journal Name: | European Journal of Immunology |
Journal Abbr.: | Eur. J. Immunol. |
Publisher: | Wiley - VCH Verlag |
ISSN: | 0014-2980 |
ISSN (Online): | 1521-4141 |
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