Vinay, D. S. et al. (2015) Immune evasion in cancer: mechanistic basis and therapeutic strategies. Seminars in Cancer Biology, 35(Suppl.), S185-S198. (doi: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2015.03.004) (PMID:25818339)
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Abstract
Cancer immune evasion is a major stumbling block in designing effective anticancer therapeutic strategies. Although considerable progress has been made in understanding how cancers evade destructive immunity, measures to counteract tumor escape have not kept pace. There are a number of factors that contribute to tumor persistence despite having a normal host immune system. Immune editing is one of the key aspects why tumors evade surveillance causing the tumors to lie dormant in patients for years through “equilibrium” and “senescence” before re- emerging. In addition, tumors exploit several immunological processes such as targeting the regulatory T cell function or their secretions, antigen presentation, modifying the production of immune suppressive mediators, tolerance and immune deviation. Besides these, tumor heterogeneity and metastasis also play a critical role in tumor growth. A number of potential targets like promoting Th1, NK cell, γδ T cell responses, inhibiting Treg functionality, induction of IL-12, use of drugs including phytochemicals have been designed to counter tumor progression with much success. Some natural agents and phytochemicals merit further study. For example, use of certain key polysaccharide components from mushrooms and plants have shown possess therapeutic impact on tumor-imposed genetic instability, anti-growth signaling, replicative immortality, deregulated metabolism etc. In this review, we will discuss the advances made towards understanding the basis of cancer immune evasion and summarize the efficacy of various therapeutic measures and targets that have been developed or are being investigated to enhance tumor rejection.
| Item Type: | Articles |
|---|---|
| Status: | Published |
| Refereed: | Yes |
| Glasgow Author(s) Enlighten ID: | Keith, Professor Nicol and Bilsland, Dr Alan |
| Authors: | Vinay, D. S., Ryan, E. P., Pawelec, G., Talib, W. H., Stagg, J., Elkord, E., Lichtor, T., Decker, W. K., Whelan, R. L., Kumara, H.M.C. S., Signori, E., Honoki, K., Georgakilas, A. G., Amin, A., Helferich, W. G., Boosani, C. S., Guha, G., Ciriolo, M. R., Chen, S., Mohammed, S. I., Azmi, A. S., Keith, W. N., Bilsland, A., Bhakta, D., Halicka, D., Fujii, H., Aquilano, K., Ashraf, S. S., Nowsheen, S., Yang, X., Choi, B. K., and Kwona, B. S. |
| College/School: | College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences > School of Cancer Sciences |
| Journal Name: | Seminars in Cancer Biology |
| Publisher: | Elsevier Ltd. |
| ISSN: | 1044-579X |
| ISSN (Online): | 1096-3650 |
| Copyright Holders: | Copyright © 2015 Elsevier, Ltd. |
| First Published: | First published in Seminars in Cancer Biology 35(Suppl.): S185-S198 |
| Publisher Policy: | Reproduced in accordance with the copyright policy of the publisher. |
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