Myelin membrane wrapping of CNS axons by PI(3,4,5)P3-dependent polarized growth at the inner tongue

Snaidero, N. et al. (2014) Myelin membrane wrapping of CNS axons by PI(3,4,5)P3-dependent polarized growth at the inner tongue. Cell, 156(1-2), pp. 277-290. (doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2013.11.044) (PMID:24439382) (PMCID:PMC4862569)

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Abstract

Central nervous system myelin is a multilayered membrane sheath generated by oligodendrocytes for rapid impulse propagation. However, the underlying mechanisms of myelin wrapping have remained unclear. Using an integrative approach of live imaging, electron microscopy, and genetics, we show that new myelin membranes are incorporated adjacent to the axon at the innermost tongue. Simultaneously, newly formed layers extend laterally, ultimately leading to the formation of a set of closely apposed paranodal loops. An elaborated system of cytoplasmic channels within the growing myelin sheath enables membrane trafficking to the leading edge. Most of these channels close with ongoing development but can be reopened in adults by experimentally raising phosphatidylinositol-(3,4,5)-triphosphate levels, which reinitiates myelin growth. Our model can explain assembly of myelin as a multilayered structure, abnormal myelin outfoldings in neurological disease, and plasticity of myelin biogenesis observed in adult life.

Item Type:Articles
Status:Published
Refereed:Yes
Glasgow Author(s) Enlighten ID:Edgar, Professor Julia
Authors: Snaidero, N., Möbius, W., Czopka, T., Hekking, L. H.P., Mathisen, C., Verkleij, D., Goebbels, S., Edgar, J., Merkler, D., Lyons, D. A., Nave, K.-A., and Simons, M.
College/School:College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences > School of Infection & Immunity
Journal Name:Cell
Publisher:Elsevier, Inc.
ISSN:0092-8674
ISSN (Online):1097-4172

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